General description
C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12), also known as stromal cell-derived factor 1 α (SDF-1a), is encoded by the gene mapped to human chromosome 10q11. Stromal cell-derived factor 1 α and β (SDF-1 α and β) are stromal derived CXC chemokines and signal through the C-X-C motif chemokine receptor-4 (CXCR4). CXCL12 is mainly expressed in the inflamed and failing myocardium.
Application
Stromal Cell-Derived Factor 1β has been used to activate chemokine receptor-4 (CXCR4) and to further assess its role in tumor cell migration using chemotaxis assay.
Biochem/physiol Actions
C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12) is involved in inflammation, proliferation, tumorigenicity and metastasis. CXCL12 exerts HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) suppressive activity in cells expressing the CXCR4 (C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4). It is overexpressed in breast carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma and papillary thyroid carcinoma. It enhances angiogenesis in the ischemic tissue. SDF1 is also implicated in neuroprotection after ischemic stroke with the help of CXCR4.
Chemoattractant for T lymphocytes and monocytes, but not neutrophils; highly conserved between species.
SDF-1/PBSF is a chemoattractant for T lymphocytes and monocytes, but not neutrophils. It is highly conserved between species, with only one amino acid substitution between the human and mouse proteins.
SDF-1/PBSF, a member of the α (CXC) chemokine family, is a chemoattractant for T lymphocytes and monocytes, but not neutrophils. SDF-1α and SDF-1β (together also known as SDF-1/PBSF) are encoded by a single gene and arise by alternative splicing. The two proteins are identical except for the four amino acid residues that are present in the C-terminal of SDF-1β and absent from SDF-1α. SDF-1/PBSF is highly conserved between species, with only one amino acid substitution between the human and mouse proteins.
Physical form
Lyophilized from 30% acetonitrile and 0.1% trifluoracetic acid containing 0.5 mg of bovine serum albumin.
Analysis Note
The biological activity is measured by its ability to chemoattract 8-10 day human T lymphocytes cultured in the presence of IL-2.
| biological source | human |
| Quality Segment | 100 |
| recombinant | expressed in E. coli |
| assay | >97% (SDS-PAGE) |
| form | lyophilized powder |
| potency | 10-30 ng/mL ED50 |
| mol wt | ~8 kDa |
| packaging | pkg of 10 μg |
| storage condition | avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles |
| technique(s) | cell culture | mammalian: suitable |
| impurities | endotoxin, tested |
| UniProt accession no. | P48061 |
| storage temp. | −20°C |
| Gene Information | human ... CXCL12(6387) |
