General description
5,5-Diphenylhydantoin sodium salt is a derivative of phenytoin. 5,5-Diphenylhydantoin is used for treating epilepsy and has antiepileptic activity. It functions by blocking the sodium channels and modulates excitation of neurons. However, the side effects include hypertrichosis and overgrowth of gum tissue around the teeth. It promotes proliferation of the neural stem cells by modulating growth factors. Diphenylhydantoin is toxic and induces apoptosis in cultured cerebellar granule neurons.
Application
5,5-Diphenylhydantoin sodium salt has been used:
- in the cream preparation for treating burn wounds
- in seizure behavior testing as an anticonvulsant in Drosophila
- in in vivo embryo toxicity test in mouse embryonic stem cells
Biochem/physiol Actions
减少癫痫大发作的发生率；可能通过 Na+、K+ 和 Ca2+ 通道的影响而稳定可兴奋膜。
Reduces incidence of grand mal seizures; appears to stabilize excitable membranes.
Features and Benefits
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| Quality Level | 200 |
| assay | ≥99% |
| form | powder |
| solubility | aqueous base: soluble |
| SMILES string | [Na]N1C(=O)NC(C1=O)(c2ccccc2)c3ccccc3 |
| InChI | 1S/C15H12N2O2.Na/c18-13-15(17-14(19)16-13,11-7-3-1-4-8-11)12-9-5-2-6-10-12;/h1-10H,(H2,16,17,18,19);/q;+1/p-1 |
| InChI key | FJPYVLNWWICYDW-UHFFFAOYSA-M |
| Gene Information | human ... CNR1(1268), CNR2(1269), CYP2C9(1559), SCN10A(6336), SCN11A(11280), SCN1A(6323), SCN2A(6326), SCN3A(6328), SCN4A(6329), SCN5A(6331), SCN7A(6332), SCN8A(6334), SCN9A(6335) rat ... Faah(29347), Scn1a(81574), Scnn1g(24768), Slc6a1(79212) |
